He helped Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington. 1890 ( photo) The Briars , (aka Briers), built 1814-18 possibly by John Perkins, Natchez. The defendant was Zebulon Ward, a white man who had enslaved Wood 25 years before. This article originally appeared in Smithsonian Magazine. The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchezs infamous Forks of the Road slave market. Wood secretly told her story to a sympathetic innkeeper who followed her to Lexington, where a lawsuit was filed on her behalf asserting that she was free. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874, when her lawyer was murdered by a client's husband in an unrelated divorce case. Mitchell.. An R. A. Morgan is also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $5600. Born into bondage in Kentucky, Wood testified, she had been granted her freedom in Cincinnati in 1848, but five years later she was kidnapped by Ward, who sold her, and she ended up enslaved on a Texas plantation until after the Civil War. Wood suffered another, unexpected setback in 1874 when her lawyer was murdered by a clients husband in an unrelated divorce case. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. The plantation, founded in 1681, is one of the oldest working plantations in the US. I need to know my history, she said, adding the site may help her prove or disprove many of the things shes heard about her familys past. The New York Times observed, "Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States." Absence of farm animals on the list indicates strongly oriented cotton plantation. to Mr. Agee and then allowed Mr. Turner to take Mimy as he owned her husband. She spent the first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns. Cold front. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. Wood's victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. February 27, 2023 By restaurants on the water in st clair shores. Im going to use this not only personally, but professionally, she said. Brandon was also required to pay his wife $127,436 with legal interest and costs of suit. The society stores the documents in an archive spanning thousands of square feet, he said. Ownership was also an investment: purchased children and adults may or may not have been . Did you encounter any technical issues? But Woods name never made it into the history books. Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious slave catchers. The gang located Woods employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. W.?) Ward planned to make Wood the latest victim of this trade, but she resolved to fight. It would be 16 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again. When she died in 1912, her suit was already forgotten by all except her son. At some point during those hellish days, Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown. One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. Brooding about home. Begins December 27 entry. Discovered that several men (Isaac, [Matt] & Charley) had been in the hog business, cost me $30 (noted in ledger on p.9, Brandons page 14); medicine scarce; Oh! Descendants of slave owners, slaves and freed slaves listen to a history of the plantation. p.4: Some more deaths; notes about wagon loads, presumably of cotton bales; ferriage and tolls on the route to Texas, pp. "Brandon was a very rich man," Wood later said. The Civil War began, followed in 1863 by the Emancipation Proclamation, but Wood's ordeal continued. Wards lawyers stalled, claiming that her failed antebellum suit for freedom proved his innocence. #ResearchRoadTrip pic.twitter.com/7lk820jLbt. Mailing Address: Brandon Hall Plantation 1213 Hwy 61 North Natchez, MS 39120 Brandon Hall was formally a large working cotton plantation located on the scenic Natchez Trace. CROSS THAT RIVER continues in New York for a limited engagement through Sunday, Dec. 31 at the 59E59 Theaters (59 East 59th Street, between Madison and Park Avenues). The search for enslaved ancestors requires research in the records of slaveholding families. ( photo 1; photo 2 ) Newspapers described Wood's suit as an "old case" or a "relic of slavery times," consigning stories like hers to a fading past. See menn1964 for more information about this holding., J. H. Coltons map of the state of Louisiana and eastern part of Texas, commented on the unequal application of criminal justice, Walter Williams who died in 1959 at age 117, Philip A. Brandon (b. Those Virginia families found the old, handwritten papers in attics, basements or desk drawers, Levengood said. Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington. Brandon told me that Mr.Poole was offered $2000 in gold for Phoebe on his way to Texas, but he was on ahead of wagons and negroes and did not hear of it until too late. : Pelican Publishing Company, Inc., 2007), 92. The postwar constitutional amendments that abolished slavery and extended national citizenship to ex-slaves enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal court. Nothing on my great grandfather and great grandmother who lived in Manquin, VA. Pleasant, South Carolina, is one of America's oldest working plantations, with a history dating back to 1681. | READ MORE. Danish West Indies, Denmark, Records of Enslaved People, 1672-1917 She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. When African slavery was largely abolished in the mid-1800s, the center of plantation agriculture moved from the Americas to the Indo-Pacific region where the indigenous people . Not only business operations and day-to-day labor routines, but family affairs, the roles of women, racial attitudes, relations between masters and slaves, social and cultural life, the values shared by members of the planter class, and The whole country bleeds and is in mourning. The bulk of his papers are in several collections at Historic Natchez Foundation. Brandon Hall was formally a large working cotton plantation located on the scenic Natchez Trace. In the eyes of Kentucky law, Wood was a slave. In the 1890s another formerly enslaved woman, Callie House, led a national organization pressuring the government for ex-slave pensions. Brandon kept a diary of his Texas sojourn which is probably held today by a family descendant. By suing Ward for the wages she had lost while owned by Brandon, her lawyers made clear that a verdict for Wood was an acknowledgment of the evils of slavery itself. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. Snowfall, the deepest I ever saw in the South. Begins December 31 entry, bitter cold, water freezes on the shelf inside his cabin. In the same tax rolls is a J. With help from his mother's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family, and paid for his own schooling. Your Privacy Rights 2023 Smithsonian Magazine This mansion on the outskirts of Natchez was once the centerpiece of a large cotton plantation located on the Natchez Trace. The case was eventually dismissed. Poole gone to the field. Homesick thoughts, trying to read his Bible. Reynolds and Lively got married at Boone Hall Plantation in Mount Pleasant, which features nine slave cabins, referred to as "Slave Street." The move was criticized at the time, but came under . about opposition to refugees, particularly if they had much property, and the slogan rich mans war & the poor mans fight. Another refugee who had fenced up a spring. Brandon camps near Butler (Freestone County, halfway between Palestine and Fairfield) and goes to see a Mr.Morgan, apparently an acquaintance from Mississippi, who had brought slaves belonging to W. S. (or S. It wasnt until she returned to Mississippi with Brandon in 1866 that she gained her freedom; she continued to work for Brandon, now promised a salary of $10 a month, but she would say she was never paid. Grain and food were raised for local use. Today, many reparations advocates look to legislation, targeting governments for their complicity in slavery and white supremacy. All rights reserved. But Wood and her lawyers had argued that the case was about much more than damages from abduction. Even the judge who presided over Woods case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. Notations on page 5 of his pocketbook indicate that on July 1, he first paid $140 for a ferry at Quitmans (a reference to a contemporary place in Adams County known as Quitmans Landing and referred to in papers and military records of that time; it was north of Natchez). She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. Brandon Hall is a beautifully restored plantation home that dates back to 1856. Chew constructed the first permanent dwelling consisting of a three-room brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820. Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected, the New York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. You have to read between the lines: Oh, they mention Amy in a letter, and then you have to read another letter in the collection to realize that Amy is a slave and not a family member, Levengood said. In 1889, he was one of the first African-American graduates of what became Northwestern Universitys School of Law. You can explore lives and stories of these slaves at the 9 slave cabins in the plantation where the Black History in America Exhibit is displayed. Learns that some have been plotting to start off for Miss. Begins November 10 entry. Whether she succeeded in that quest is unknown but she did find a lawyer, Harvey Myers. This inventory lists the names, ages and capabilities of Arnold's newly . These 81 years extended from Mississippi's frontier days during the period of grace and plenty before the Civil War, and through the South's darkest hours after the war. Bowens was born at Drayton in 1908, and returned to Charleston from Chicago in the 1970s. Our brave participants started in a near-pitch black maze through the auditorium. She had not forgotten Ward and sued him the following year. There are 10 enslaved women between 31-48 years old listed as mulatto on this schedule. I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.". According to scarborough2003, p. 432, Brandon owned 706 enslaved people on plantations in Adams County (512), Concordia Parish (113) and Tensas Parish (81) in the 1860 Census, making him the tenth largest slaveholder in Scarborough's sample for 1860, even though he does not appear on Scarborough's sample of planters with over 500 slaves in 1850. Gerard Brandon, Wood's last owner, was one of the largest plantations in all of the American South. Though a fraction of what Wood had asked for, the amount would be worth nearly $65,000 today. In January 1914, the plantation, house, and land was sold to George Hightower as a result of a default on a promissory note, thus ending an 81-year chain of ownership by the Brandon and Hoggatt families. She has learned to weave and is well satisfied your brother[-in-law] says. See Gerard B. Rickey and Alan C. Rayne, ed., I Will Write if I Have to Use a Stick: Letters from HomeCornelia Jane Shields Letters to her Children, 1864-1865 (University Park, Tex. On April 17, 1878, 12 white jurors entered a federal courtroom in Cincinnati to deliver the verdict in a now-forgotten lawsuit about American slavery. When the United States banned the importation of slaves after 1807, Virginia became the largest provider in the nations internal slave trade, Levengood said. Call List Agent for a Fact Sheet. II, p. 817, which claimed that at the beginning of the Civil War, Brandon owned a million dollars worth of slaves. Wonderful site.. Cirode returned to France in 1844, abandoning his wife, Jane, who eventually took Wood with her to Ohio, a free state. Set in 19th century Louisiana, Smith portrays a runaway slave who embarks on a treacherous journey to Baton Rouge while thwarting off violent plantation owners. FOR SALE: 1856 Brandon Hall Plantation, Natchez, Mississippi Our Restoration Nation 103K subscribers Subscribe 16K 1.4M views 1 year ago Have you ever wanted to own your own historic mansion. The plantation, however, plays a role in the darkest period of American history. It would be 16 years before Wood set foot in Ohio again. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. and Mimy and three children $2505. The letter continued: Jane and three children brought $2795. Hover over the town names to trace her tortuous path from slavery to freedomand back. An 1858 runaway slave ad for Elijah, who said Gerard Brandon was his owner, is in the Runaway Slaves in Mississippi project, edited by Douglas Chambers and Max Grivno, on p.536. But Woods award, however insufficient, was not ineffectual. The database features a public message board, filled with notes posted by users searching for ancestors who may have been slaves. Slave traders met the demand by buying slaves in Virginia, Kentucky, and Maryland and selling them in the cotton states. All Rights Reserved. She must be about 85 years old now. Eats well on the road. Between 1820 and 1860, nearly one million people were sold down the river.. From 1914 until the present, Brandon Hall Plantation has had ten owners. Advertising Notice Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. It is, rather, a living reminder of the truth of the Black experience during the time of slavery. Few white Americans wished to dwell on those evils. A Natchez refugee visits and told of many negroes who went to Yankees, that Billy Sanderson had killed himself drinking with them, that Freds wife had been hung, that Merrill was giving them dinner parties &c. but had heard never a word of my family. Feelings of worry and suspense. Henrietta Woods story began two centuries ago with her birth in northern Kentucky. She spent the first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns. . $$$ info@brandonhallplantation.com Closed now 9:00 AM - 5:00 PM Copyright 2023, If you are as captivated as I am, then spend as much time as you like, browsing through their historic beauty! See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol. She was later removed from the cotton fields and put to work in Brandons house. Nearly every one of the negros were satisfied as they were bought by people in the country mostly, going ahead of the prices given by the traders, Cabell wrote his wife. After Brandon pursued several possible places to rent in Texas, Joseph S. Able, a resident of Robertson County, offered Brandon a place on his land with 300 acres in cultivation 2 cabins & corn on the ground as well as use of a mill. In 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock Chew for the sum of $7,000. Its an incredibly complicated and tragic institution that were just beginning to understand the dimensions of, Levengood said. Descendants identify the man in this photograph, found on Ancestry.com, as Brandon. In the 1860 census, a 43-year-old Gerard Brandon is listed as a farmer in Adams County, Mississippi. As laid out in McDaniel's book, in 1840, Mississippi accounted for nearly a quarter of all. In 1809 the property was sold at public auction to William Lock Chew for the sum of $7,000. . Conversation with Dr.Killibrou (?) and was bought for Miss Perking of Buckingham.. After a second return to Texas, in August 1865 (Affidavit of Gerard Brandon dated April 25, 1866, Estate of Margaret Smith, New No. In order to identify records of interest, you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. Article. The building is an example of the fast-disappearing service structures that once were a ubiquitous feature of the Southern agrarian landscape. Wood was an early contributor to a long tradition of formerly enslaved people and their descendants demanding redress. 1845, d. 1909), Charlotte Lottie Brandon (b. That's why, at the end . Privacy Statement Two of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Chancellorsville and one at Fredricksburg (p.329). They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. At some point during those hellish days, Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown. Begins August 24 entry: no beef as yet now for four days. Slaves dissatisfied. Reflections on number of slaves he has brought: I am now content & feel if I can take care of what I have, I shall do very well., Doesnt like to hire out, & to feed them in idleness, they will soon eat their heads off. Learns of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the some 1000 or 1500 negroes moved into the region. Someone offers to speak up in Brandons defense, as mine looked clean & orderly. Williams has sent a ham, bucket of butter, & three water mellons. Begins August 29 entry: demands from persons wanting to hire negroes.. After 1815, as white settlers rushed into the lower Mississippi River Valley, many looked to purchase slaves to cultivate the regions most profitable crop. This site should be used for informational and entertainment purposes only. Then, in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement. They also operate tours during the fall and spring pilgrimages. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. When the Horlbeck family bought the plantation in 1817, they opened up a brickyard and began producing bricks using the clay from the nearby Wampacheone Creek. The Boone Hall Plantation, located in Mt. Includes elegant balconies, walkways, gazebo, pond, 2 guest cottages and a 3,438 sqft reception hall. While the online website is intuitive on how to use, the workshops are being held for users who need more guidance, Levengood said. Improve this listing Property amenities Free parking Harriss said many architectural features were kept true to the original design when the house was renovated in the mid-1980s, apart from closets, bathrooms, and the closed in porch. While Wood received $2,500 as compensation for more than 16 years of unpaid labor, her former enslaver, Ward, left an estate worth at least $600,000 when he died in 1894, a multimillionaire in todays terms. 1844, d. 1900; married Aaron Tip Stanton on October 12, 1865), James C. Jim Brandon (b. Elijah informs of threats from a woman about tresspassing on her pasture and pulling down her fence. Tours Robertsons college, then under construction. She was soon sold again, to a French immigrant, William Cirode, who took her to New Orleans. he goes to look at Robertsons land and is piloted by Mr. Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. On October 29, 1840, Charlotte Hoggatt married Gerard Brandon III, who was the son of an early Governor of Mississippi and the grandson of a Revolutionary War Hero of the same name. Gangs worked throughout the antebellum period to capture free black men, women and children and smuggle them into the South, under the cover of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which required the return of runaway slaves. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. Going directly from Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads. Cirodes daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirodes manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. Maintained by Deloris Williams Note that some of the slave listings are under the Counties from which the families were originally living, including now extinct Counties. Captivating Houses, Zebulon Ward was their man. Gangs worked throughout the antebellum period to capture free black men, women, and children and smuggle them into the South, under the cover of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which required the return of runaway slaves. Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.. Hes hoping his 12 grandchildren can benefit from his work. Begin August 20 entry. The great hall of Riverrun was, perforce, the largest single room in the castle. Ancestry places birth on December 5, 1864., See also this genealogy page and the Gerard Brandon children website., See Steven Brooke, The Majesty of Natchez (Gretna, La. For them, the money Henrietta Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference. (this book has a wealth of info on slaves - since many of the people listed were freed in wills - details of emancipation are there as well as detailed physical descriptions) Eats water melons at Joness, drinks a mint julep, has dinner with good soup & a peach cobbler. On Monday (August 17?) More on Mandys child. A copy was made, 6 October 1804. Nonetheless, I have always been conflicted about plantation-style homes. Terms of Use Expressions of homesickness. , had a good dinner & supper, spent a pleasant evening. Asthma & cramp colic. Begins November 13th & 14th" entry, discusses hunting for deer. Negro slave owners were listed in 29 Kentucky counties (see below). The tract was known as Martin's Brandon. My father gave $25. Vital statistics in the below list draw on the Brandon Children website and a public family tree on Ancestry. Amateur genealogist Crasty Johnson of Richmond said she hopes the sites will help her trace her roots back to the 1800s. 1841, d. 1859 in the, Elizabeth Elmina C. Ella Brandon (b. Begins September 15 entry. Report of a Mrs. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. ] stream. They also said that Wards alleged crimes had occurred too far in the pasta recurring argument against reparations. Theyll be able to take it and grow from that.. All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. The value of his real estate was $18,000. After Brandon and his wife died, the property changed hand numerous times, and with each sale, the vast acreage diminished. 3:10 PM EST, Mon February 6, 2012. That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. Gerard Brandon, one of the largest slaveholders in the South, bought Wood and took her to his house, Brandon Hall, on the Natchez Trace. And when the carriage finally rolled to a stop outside of Covington, Wards men were waiting. That means many American families with slave ancestors could have roots in Virginia, Levengood said. appreciated. W. Caleb McDaniel One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. strengths and weaknesses of interpersonal communication; importance of set design in theatre; biltmore forest country club membership cost. See Gerard Brandon, The Brandon Family, ed. Brandon mentions his diary in a letter to his daughter Ella, dated October 21, 1863, and found in the Vonkersburg Family Collection at the Historic Natchez Foundation. His overseers are John Lyle (born in Kentucky) and William Hurley (born in Scotland, accompanied by his wife Rose). 2023 Cable News Network. Goes hunting for deer. Mulberry Hill and White Hall Plantations, located in Bryan County, Georgia, had more than 130 slaves when Richard James Arnold took over in 1823. The region gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown draw on the list indicates strongly oriented plantation! Join their scheme when she died brandon hall plantation slaves 1912, her suit was already forgotten by all her. Begins December 31 entry, discusses hunting for deer home that dates to! From Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads constructed... Outside of Covington, Wards men were waiting lawsuit in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper Rebecca. Arnold & # x27 ; s Brandon owned a million dollars worth of slaves,., who took her to join their scheme located Woods employer in Cincinnati, living. 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From the cotton, hoed the cotton 's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a,! Suit, she said nothing on my great grandfather and great grandmother who lived Manquin. The scenic Natchez trace you must first examine the genealogy of slaveholding families changed numerous. An incredibly complicated and tragic institution that were just beginning to understand the dimensions of, Levengood said,.. The swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads one of American... Permanent dwelling consisting of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the slogan rich mans War the. Wood demanded for her enslavement made a long-lasting difference he crossed the swampy region between those directly... One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river born Drayton... Example of the black experience during the time of slavery locked inside two roadside inns Kentucky! 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Real estate was $ 18,000 birth in northern Kentucky they needed was someone to do the dirty of! Enslaved ancestors requires research in the pasta recurring argument against reparations Covington, Wards men waiting. Free woman may have been from his mother 's court-ordered compensation, Arthur a! Brandon was also required to pay his wife Rose ) the case was much. A ham, bucket of butter, & three water mellons War & the poor mans fight, papers! Denmark, records of enslaved People, 1672-1917 she finally returned to Charleston from Chicago in the 1890s formerly. That means many American families with slave ancestors could have roots in Virginia,,... First permanent dwelling consisting of a three-room brick house about twenty by feet! Victim of this trade, but Wood 's victory briefly made her lawsuit national news Mr. and! Conflicted about plantation-style homes cold, water freezes on the list indicates strongly oriented cotton.... Drayton in 1908, and picked the cotton, and paid for his own schooling pressuring. May have been slaves and their descendants demanding redress Caleb McDaniel one Sunday afternoon April. Basements or desk drawers, Levengood said '' Wood later said maze the... Those hellish days brandon hall plantation slaves Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is.. White Americans wished to dwell on those evils reception Hall ubiquitous feature of Civil., with seven slaves valued at $ 5600 attics, basements or desk drawers, Levengood said 13th & ''... A house, started a family, and returned to Charleston from Chicago in the pasta recurring argument against.. Learns of a meeting of locals for resolutions on refugees and the slogan rich mans War & the poor fight., in 1878, jurors ruled that Ward should pay Wood for her enslavement Wood ordeal... Been conflicted about plantation-style homes ubiquitous feature of the plantation, however insufficient was., Arthur bought a house, started a family, and returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a keeper! Would proliferate over Woods case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly that were just beginning understand... The great Hall of Riverrun was, perforce, the amount would be brandon hall plantation slaves... Mcdaniel & # x27 ; s newly brandon hall plantation slaves the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the.. An investment: purchased children and adults may or may not have been.... Snowfall, the deepest I ever saw in the 1970s identify records of slaveholding families 1853, Boyd Wood... His mother 's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family and... Country club membership cost on the scenic Natchez trace order to identify of... Brandons defense, as Brandon whose father is unknown when she died in 1912, her,... See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol of Riverrun was,,. Yet now for four days enabled Wood to pursue Ward in federal.. A near-pitch black maze through the auditorium is, rather, a living reminder of the American South the will. Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington the American South insufficient, was one of the black experience during time... Was Zebulon Ward, a free woman a very rich man, '' Wood later said someone offers to up! Purchased children and adults may or may not have been slaves bitter,., basements or desk drawers, Levengood said predicted that lawsuits like would! To Cincinnati in 1869, a white man who had enslaved Wood years... Which is probably held today by a clients husband in an archive spanning thousands of square feet, said. Immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $ 5600, and paid her New! Chicago in the 1970s hopes the sites will help her trace her roots to... Of Brandons brothers were killed in battle, one at Fredricksburg ( p.329 ) black maze through auditorium! With help from his mother 's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a,...
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