sennacherib war eagles

Sennacherib (d.681 bc) King of Assyria (704-681 bc). Though Babylon was respected as the well-spring of civilization, it was expected to remain passive in political matters, something that Assyria's "Babylonian bride" repeatedly refused to be. I dug canals through the midst of that city, I overwhelmed it with water, I made its very foundations disappear, and I destroyed it more completely than a devastating flood. [40] Sennacherib's inscriptions state that over two hundred thousand prisoners were taken. [87], The earliest inscriptions discussing the building project at Nineveh date to 702BC and concern the construction of the Southwest Palace, a large residence constructed in the southwestern part of the citadel. [64], The Assyrian army, by now surrounded by the Elamites in southern Babylonia, managed to kill the son of Hallutash-Inshushinak in a skirmish but remained trapped for at least nine months. Two of his wives are known by nameTashmetu-sharrat (Tametu-arrat)[97] and Naqi'a (Naqi). [98] Their names were: A small tablet excavated at Nineveh lists the names of mythological Mesopotamian heroes, such as Gilgamesh, and some personal names. Arda-Mulissu held the position of the heir apparent for several years until 684BC when Sennacherib suddenly replaced him with his younger brother Esarhaddon. [38] The city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack,[38] though its citizens were unharmed. The population of Babylonia was divided into various ethnic groups with different priorities and ideals. Bel-ibni now faced the open revolts of two tribal leaders: Shuzubu (who later became Babylonian king under the name Mushezib-Marduk) and Marduk-apla-iddina, now an elderly man. The relief bears two cuneiform inscription. [30], When Sennacherib became king, he was already an adult and had served as Sargon's crown prince for over 15 years and understood the empire's administration. Sin-a-eriba, "Sin has increased (or replaced) the (lost) brothers."King of Assyria and Babylonia, 705-681 b.c.. 1. Medieval Syriac tales characterize Sennacherib as an archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of a family feud, whose children convert to Christianity. led a large army against Egypt . They then besieged and took numerous cities. [60], In the years that followed, Babylonia stayed relatively quiet, with no chronicles recording any significant activity. The reason for Arda-Mulissu's sudden dismissal is unknown, but it is clear from contemporary inscriptions that he was very disappointed. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . As he was king by 692 BC, but not described in Assyrian sources as "revolting" until 691 BC, it is possible that his rule was initially accepted by Sennacherib. According to Elayi, Sennacherib was "certainly intelligent, skillful, with an ability of adaptation", but "his sense of piety was contradictory, as, on the one hand, he impiously destroyed the statues of gods and temples of Babylon while, on the other hand, he used to consult the gods before acting and prayed to them". Panels 14-16 One of Sennacherib's first actions as king was to rebuild a temple dedicated to the god Nergal, associated with death, disaster and war, at the city of Tarbisu. He thought he could win the battle over them. Arda-Mulissu and Nabu-shar-usur survived this purge, escaping as exiles to the northern kingdom of Urartu. They will be called my War Eagles. [29], Letters associated with Sennacherib are fewer in number than those known from his father and the time of his son Esarhaddon; most of them are from Sennacherib's tenure as crown prince. Historically, the most popular view has been that Sennacherib was the son of Sargon's wife Ataliya, although this is now considered unlikely. [63] The war then took an unexpected turn as the king of Elam, Hallutash-Inshushinak I, took advantage of the Assyrian army being so far away from home to invade Babylonia. The event is often portrayed as an apocalyptic scenario, with Hezekiah portrayed as a messianic figure and Sennacherib and his armies being personifications of Gog and Magog. [44] While a portion of Sennacherib's troops prepared to blockade Jerusalem, Sennacherib himself marched on the important Judean city of Lachish. The northern palace depicted on the map was first built during the reign of Sennacherib's grandson. Dutch shares Tim Sheets research and word, on WAR EAGLE. [58] More evidence in favor of Ashur-nadin-shumi being the crown prince is Sennacherib's construction of a palace for him at the city of Assur,[59] something Sennacherib would also do for the later crown prince Esarhaddon. [127], (Shamshi-Adad dynasty18081736 BCE)(Amorites)Shamshi-Adad I Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur Rimush Asinum Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi [] By the order of Ashur, father of the gods, and heavenly queen Ishtar may we both live long in health and happiness in this palace and enjoy wellbeing to the full! In most cases the Assyrians followed the principle of primogeniture, wherein the oldest son inherits. [70], Sennacherib met his enemies in battle near the city of Halule. After he besieged Jerusalem, Sennacherib was able to give the surrounding towns to Assyrian vassal rulers in Ekron, Gaza and Ashdod. The outcome of the Battle of Halule is unclear since the records of both sides claim a great victory. For the first six years of his reign, they were written on clay cylinders, but he later began using clay prisms, probably because they provided a greater surface area. The Iraqi Department of Antiquities under the Assyriologist Tariq Madhloom conducted the most recent expeditions from 1965 to 1968. [86] Whereas his father's new capital, Dur-Sharrukin, was more or less an imitation of the previous capital of Nimrud, Sennacherib intended to make Nineveh into a city whose magnificence and size astonished the civilized world. [111] Elayi, writing in 2018, concluded that Sennacherib was different both from the traditional negative image of him and from the perfect image the king wanted to convey himself through his inscriptions, but that elements of both were true. [92] Esarhaddon's influential mother, Naqi'a, may have played a role in convincing Sennacherib to choose Esarhaddon as heir. His most famous work in the city is the Southwest Palace, which Sennacherib named his "Palace without Rival". [52] The battle is considered unlikely to have been an outright Assyrian defeat, especially because contemporary Babylonian chronicles, otherwise eager to mention Assyrian failures, are silent on the matter. [51] An alternative hypothesis, first advanced by journalist Henry T. Aubin in 2001, is that the blockade of Jerusalem was lifted through the intervention of a Kushite army from Egypt. [93] Despite his dismissal, Arda-Mulissu remained a popular figure, and some vassals secretly supported him as the heir to the throne. In Midrash, examinations of the Old Testament and later stories, the events of 701BC are often explored in detail; many times featuring massive armies deployed by Sennacherib and pointing out how he repeatedly consulted astrologers on his campaign, delaying his actions. People throughout the Near East received the news with strong emotions and mixed feelings. The reasons for his policy towards his female relatives are unknown. Shortly after Sennacherib inherited the throne in 705BC, Marduk-apla-iddina retook Babylon and allied with the Elamites. [41] After a brief period of rest in Babylon, Sennacherib and the Assyrian army then moved systematically through southern Babylonia, where there was still organized resistance, pacifying both the tribal areas and the major cities. [75], Although Sennacherib destroyed the city, he appears to have still been somewhat fearful of Babylon's ancient gods. [42][43] Sennacherib's third campaign, directed against the kingdoms and city-states in the Levant, is very well-documented compared to many other events in the ancient Near East and is the best-documented event in the history of Israel during the First Temple period. 32 Hezekiah had been completely faithful to the Lord. Sennacherib (r. 705-681 BCE) was the second king of the Sargonid Dynasty of Assyria (founded by his father Sargon II, r. 722-705 BCE). [21], By the time Sennacherib became king, the Neo-Assyrian Empire had been the dominant power in the Near East for over thirty years, chiefly due to its well-trained and large army superior to that of any other contemporary kingdom. [122] Sennacherib's own accounts of his building projects and military campaigns, typically referred to as his "annals", were often copied several times and spread throughout the Neo-Assyrian Empire during his reign. To transform Nineveh into a capital worthy of his empire, he launched one of the most ambitious building projects in ancient history. [32], After the Babylonian war, Sennacherib's second campaign was in the Zagros Mountains. Because of the infighting of these three major groups, Babylonia often represented an appealing target for Assyrian campaigns. [31] Sennacherib called this palace the ekallu a nina la iu, the "Palace without Rival". [109], Despite the apparent lack of interest in world domination, Sennacherib assumed the traditional Mesopotamian titles that designated rule of the entire world; "king of the universe" and "king of the four corners of the world". These names include Ile''e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau (or Sama-salamu) and Aur-akin-liti. [88] During the construction process, a smaller palace was torn down, a stream of water which had been eroding parts of the palace mound was redirected and a terrace which the new palace was to stand on was erected and raised to the height of 160 layers of brick. [76], After the final war with Babylon, Sennacherib dedicated his time to improving his new capital at Nineveh rather than embarking on large military campaigns. [20], A letter to his father indicates that Sennacherib respected him and that they were on friendly terms. The siege is discussed not only in contemporary sources, but in later folklore and traditions, such as Aramaic folklore, in later Greco-Roman histories of the Near East and in the tales of medieval Syriac Christians and Arabs. AbydosDynasty His army still existed when he conducted campaigns in 702 BCE and from 699 BCE until 697 BCE, when he made several campaigns in the mountains east of Assyria, during one of which he received tribute from the Medes. [2], Sennacherib had several brothers and at least one sister. In the stories, Sennacherib's armies are destroyed when Hezekiah recites Hallel psalms on the eve of Passover. [44], The resistance in the southern Levant was not as easily suppressed, forcing Sennacherib to invade the region. [74] Although the Babylonians were successful initially, that was short-lived, and in the same year, the siege of Babylon was already well underway. Like many rulers of these cities had done before and would do again, Luli fled rather than face the wrath of the Assyrians, escaping by boat until he was beyond Sennacherib's reach. Sennacherib's own account of the destruction reads:[75], Into my land I carried off alive Muzib-Marduk, king of Babylonia, together with his family and officials. When Sargon's wife Ataliya died, she was buried hastily and in the same coffin as another woman, the queen of the previous king Tiglath-Pileser. Thereafter, he moved to attack the contingent at Kish, winning this second battle as well. [22] The Arameans lived on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering surrounding territories. [76], During the destruction of the city, Sennacherib destroyed the temples and the images of the gods, except for that of Marduk, which he took to Assyria. The Assyrians began by taking Ashkelon and defeating Sidqia. [84] Though some northern Babylonian territories became Assyrian provinces, the Assyrians made no effort to rebuild Babylon itself, and southern chronicles from the time refer to the era as the "kingless" period when there was no king in the land. He was assassinated by one of his own sons in a temple of Nineveh. They typically depict his conquests, sometimes with short pieces of text explaining the scene shown. [88], The Assyriologists Hormuzd Rassam and Henry Creswicke Rawlinson from 1852 to 1854, William Kennett Loftus from 1854 to 1855 and George Smith from 1873 to 1874 led further excavations of the Southwest Palace. Sennacherib knew that the glowing embers of rebellion might soon flare into a raging conflagration, a fire that might consume his throne. From the sources, it appears that bad news easily enraged Sennacherib and that he developed serious psychological problems. The rooms and courtyards of his Neo-Assyrian Southwest Palace at Nineveh were decorated with a series of detailed carved stone panels. Raising the level of the courtyard made images that Sargon had created at the temple in Assur invisible. If Sargon was the son of Tiglath-Pileser and not a non-dynastic usurper, Sennacherib would have grown up in the royal palace at Nimrud and spent most of his youth there. The War. [61] In 694 BC, Sennacherib invaded Elam, with the explicit goal of the campaign being to root out Marduk-apla-iddina and the other Chaldean refugees. The Biblical account of the end of Sennacherib's attack on Jerusalem holds that though Hezekiah's soldiers manned the walls of the city, ready to defend it against the Assyrians, an entity referred to as the destroying angel, sent by Yahweh, annihilated Sennacherib's army, killing 185,000 Assyrian soldiers in front of Jerusalem's gates. [100], The main sources that can be used to deduce Sennacherib's personality are his royal inscriptions. Victorious, Sennacherib attempted yet another method to govern Babylonia and appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king. [2] Nineveh had been the designated seat of the Assyrian crown prince since the reign of Tiglath-Pileser. [65] Babylonian records ascribe Nergal-ushezib's rise to power to being appointed by Hallutash-Inshushinak, whereas Assyrian records state that he was chosen by the Babylonians themselves. [75] Brinkman interpreted this in 1973 as leaving the blame of the fate of the temples not personally on Sennacherib himself, but on the decisions made by the temple personnel and the actions of the Assyrian people. [48], The account of the blockade erected around Jerusalem is different from the sieges described in Sennacherib's annals and the massive reliefs in Sennacherib's palace at Nineveh, which depict the successful siege of Lachish rather than events at Jerusalem. [9], Despite the seemingly inconclusive end to the blockade of Jerusalem, the Levantine campaign was largely an Assyrian victory. Sennacherib (Neo-Assyrian cuneiform: Sn-ahh-erba[3] or Sn-a-erba,[4] meaning "Sn has replaced the brothers")[5][6][a] was the king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from the death of his father SargonII in 705BC to his own death in 681BC. He also built the Assyrian capital of Nineveh into an elaborate and well-planned city. Although Sennacherib was one of the most powerful and wide-ranging Assyrian kings, he faced considerable difficulty in controlling Babylonia, which formed the southern portion of his empire. [97], Whether Naqi'a ever held the title of queen is unclear. Part of Tim's prophetic word was: "There is coming a tsunami generation that will ride the wave of my Spirit. They often served as propaganda meant to portray the king as better than all other rulers, both contemporary and ancient. For example, the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with a female companion, probably the goddess Mullissu. [94], Despite the success of their conspiracy, Arda-Mulissu could not seize the throne. [40] As the Assyrians appeared on the horizon, Babylon opened its gates to him, surrendering without a fight. [24] Babylon's internal and external weakness led to its conquest by the Assyrian king Tiglath-PileserIII in 729BC. Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional. Having two names could point to Naqi'a being born outside Assyria properpossibly in Babylonia or in the Levantbut there is no substantial evidence for any theory regarding her origin.[93]. There, most of their soldiers deserted and joined Esarhaddon, who then marched on Nineveh without opposition, becoming the new king of Assyria. Sennacherib figures prominently in the Old Testament. Though Sargon's reliefs usually show the king as close to other members of the Assyrian aristocracy, Sennacherib's art usually depicts the king towering above everyone else in his vicinity due to being mounted in a chariot. ", "The Trials of Esarhaddon: The Conspiracy of 670 BC", "Studies in Assyrian Geography: Part I: Sennacherib and the Waters of Nineveh", Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and Persia, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sennacherib&oldid=1139063410, Articles containing Akkadian-language text, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 13 February 2023, at 04:45. [90], Though probably conceived as a structure like the palace Sargon built at Dur-Sharrukin, Sennacherib's palace, and especially the artwork featured within it, shows some differences. He is one of the most famous Assyrian kings owing to the part he plays in narratives in the biblical Old Testament (II Kings, II Chronicles, and Isaiah ). She was referred to as the "queen mother" during Esarhaddon's reign, but as she was Esarhaddon's mother, the title may have been bestowed upon her either late in Sennacherib's reign or by Esarhaddon. This negative view of Sennacherib endured until modern times. Throughout the history of the Assyrian Empire, Babylon had caused problems and had even been destroyed by the Assyrian king Tukulti-Ninurta I in c. 1225 BCE. [32] A text, though probably written after Sennacherib's death, says he proclaimed he was investigating the nature of a "sin" committed by his father. According to the biblical account, the Assyrian envoys to Hezekiah returned to Sennacherib to find him engaged in a struggle with the city of Libnah. [117], Though Assyria had more than a hundred kings throughout its long history, Sennacherib (along with his son Esarhaddon and grandsons Ashurbanipal and Shamash-shum-ukin) is one of the few kings who was remembered and figured in Aramaic and Syriac folklore long after the kingdom had fallen. [50] The ancient Greek historian Herodotus describes the operation as an Assyrian failure due to a "multitude of field-mice" descending upon the Assyrian camp, devouring crucial material such as quivers and bowstrings, leaving the Assyrians unarmed and causing them to flee. Babylonia and the Levant welcomed his death as divine punishment, while the Assyrian heartland probably reacted with resentment and horror. The overwhelming majority of scholars accept Arad-Mulissu's guilt as a matter of fact. Arda-Mulissu's coronation was postponed, and Esarhaddon raised an army and seized Nineveh, installing himself as king as intended by Sennacherib. Many sources recorded the event, including the Bible,[95] where Arda-Mulissu is called Adrammelech. Nergal-ushezib was frightened by this development and called on the Elamites for aid. Sennacherib spent much time and effort to rid the empire of Sargon's imagery. As his name implies Sennacherib was not the eldest son of Sargon II, but was chosen as crown prince and made military governor of the troublesome northern frontier. Sennacherib's troops seems to have been remembered later, in a greatly mod-ified form, by the Greek historian Herodotus (Histories, 2.141), who recount-ed that: "Sennacherib . The Assyrians thus invaded Judah. In his annals, Sennacherib claimed that he destroyed 46 fortified cities and towns of Judah and took 200,150 captives, although the number of captives is seen today widely as exaggeration. [62] They then sailed across the Persian Gulf, a journey which Sennacherib's inscriptions indicate was difficult since repeated sacrifices were made to Ea, the god of the deep. He was forced to pay a heavier tribute than previously, probably along with a heavy penalty and the tribute that he had failed to send to Nineveh from 705 to 701BC. After they had destroyed the city, the Assyrians deported the survivors to the Assyrian Empire, forcing some of them to work on Sennacherib's building projects, and others to serve in the king's personal guard. [35] What the al demon was is not entirely understood, but the typical symptoms described in contemporary documents include the afflicted not knowing who they are, their pupils constricting, their limbs being tense, being incapable of speech and their ears roaring. He is primarily remembered for his military campaigns in Babylon and Jerusalem. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. For further details see *Mesopotamia. To have been Sennacherib's mother, Ataliya would have had to have been born around the year 760BC, at the latest, and lived to at least 692BC,[13] as a "queen mother" is attested in that year,[14] but Ataliya's grave at Nimrud,[13] which was discovered in the 1980s,[15] indicates she was 35 years old at most when she died. The Bible reveals that during the reign of the Jewish king Hezekiah, Sennacherib came to conquer Jerusalem and the Angel of the LORD (The Lord Himself) slew 185,000 Assyrian soldiers. [72] In 1982, Assyriologist Louis D. Levine wrote that the battle was probably an Assyrian victory, though not a decisive one and that though the southerners had been defeated and fled, the Assyrian advance on Babylon itself was temporarily halted. The Assyrian king Sennacherib trained eagles for warfare. The roof of the palace was constructed with cypress and cedar recovered from the mountains in the west, and the palace was illuminated through multiple windows and decorated with silver and bronze pegs on the inside and glazed bricks on the outside. [83], Sennacherib's goal was the complete eradication of Babylonia as a political entity. Numerous temples were built and restored, many of them on the Kuyunjik mound (where the Southwest Palace was located), including a temple dedicated to the god Sn (invoked in the king's own name). Ra'm's existence is a recent discovery, based on a 2014 reading of the inscription on the stele. Son and successor of Sargon, he led expeditions to subdue Phoenicia and Palestine in 701 bc, and defeated the Elamite-Chaldean alliance in 691 bc. Many of Sennacherib's reliefs are exhibited today at the Vorderasiatisches Museum, the British Museum, the Iraq Museum in Baghdad, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Louvre in Paris. Though old native Babylonians ruled most of the cities, such as Kish, Ur, Uruk, Borsippa, Nippur, and Babylon itself, Chaldean tribes led by chieftains who often squabbled with each other dominated most of the southernmost land. [29] He had a great deal of experience with how to rule the empire because of his long tenure as crown prince. To take advantage of the opportunity, Arda-Mulissu decided he needed to act quickly and take the throne by force. The ancient Aramaic story of Ahikar portrays Sennacherib as a benevolent patron of the titular character Ahikar, with Esarhaddon portrayed more negatively. He sits on a throne and watches as prisoners are brought before him and executed. Though it is clear that the blockade of Jerusalem ended without significant fighting, how it was resolved and what stopped Sennacherib's massive army from overwhelming the city is uncertain. After distributing such financial resources, Sennacherib sent letters to his father to inform him of his decisions. His reliefs show larger scenes, some almost from a bird's-eye point of view. Any logical movement of troops here . (Adaside dynasty1700722 BCE)Bel-bani Libaya Sharma-Adad I Iptar-Sin Bazaya Lullaya Shu-Ninua Sharma-Adad II Erishum III Shamshi-Adad II Ishme-Dagan II Shamshi-Adad III Ashur-nirari I Puzur-Ashur III Enlil-nasir I Nur-ili Ashur-shaduni Ashur-rabi I Ashur-nadin-ahhe I Enlil-Nasir II Ashur-nirari II Ashur-bel-nisheshu Ashur-rim-nisheshu Ashur-nadin-ahhe II, Second Intermediate PeriodSixteenthDynasty [92][96], As was traditional for Assyrian kings, Sennacherib had a harem of many women. [63], Successfully landing on the Elamite coast, the Assyrians then hunted and attacked the Chaldean refugees, something that both Babylonian and Assyrian sources hold went well for the Assyrians. Caught in a dreadful quandary, the priest [Sethos, who was also Pharaoh] entered the [119], Sennacherib also occupied various roles in later Jewish tradition. . The latter fleet was then used to transport the Assyrian army to the city of Opis, where the ships were then pulled ashore and transported overland to a canal that linked to the Euphrates. [13] Sargon claimed he was himself the son of the earlier king Tiglath-PileserIII, but this is uncertain as Sargon usurped the throne from Tiglath-Pileser's other son ShalmaneserV.[16], Sennacherib was probably born c. 745BC in Nimrud. Puzur-Sin Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi Turning to the east, Sennacherib overwhelmed Philistine Ekron and suspended the bodies of its rebellious leaders on stakes throughout the city. Sennacherib, on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him and sometimes executed. [56] The Assyrians searched the northern marshes of Babylonia in an attempt to find and capture Shuzubu, but they failed. The rebel Shuzubu, hunted by Sennacherib in his 700 BC invasion of the south, had resurfaced under the name Mushezib-Marduk and, seemingly without foreign support, acceded to the throne of Babylon. These are significant artifacts as they record Sennacherib's campaign into Judah in 701 BC. According to the narrative, no enemy, not even the powerful king of Assyria, would have been able to triumph over Hezekiah as the Judean king had God on his side. [47] Although the Assyrian account of the operation may lead one to believe that Sennacherib was present in person, this is never explicitly stated and reliefs depicting the campaign show Sennacherib seated on a throne in Lachish instead of overseeing the preparations for an assault on Jerusalem. Since Smith, the site has experienced several periods of intense excavation and study; Rassam returned from 1878 to 1882, the Egyptologist E. A. Wallis Budge oversaw excavations from 1889 to 1891, the Assyriologist Leonard William King from 1903 to 1904 and the Assyriologist Reginald Campbell Thompson in 1905 and from 1931 to 1932. [49] [91], When his eldest son and original crown prince, Ashur-nadin-shumi, disappeared, presumably executed, Sennacherib selected his eldest surviving son, Arda-Mulissu, as the new crown prince. In several places, Sennacherib's great intelligence is emphasized, for instance in the passage, "the god Ninshiku gave me wide understanding equal to (that of) the sage Adapu (and) endowed me with broad knowledge". [65][66] In Ashur-nadin-shumi's place, a native Babylonian, Nergal-ushezib, became Babylon's king. [37] Sennacherib's inscriptions state that among the captives taken after the victory was a stepson of Marduk-apla-iddina and brother of an Arab queen, Yatie, who had joined the coalition. [46] According to the Biblical narrative, a senior Assyrian official with the title Rabshakeh stood in front of the city's walls and demanded its surrender, threatening that the Judeans would 'eat feces and drink urine' during the siege. Whether Naqi ' a ( Naqi ) its gates to him, without! He sits on a magnificent throne, watches as prisoners are brought before him and that he very! [ 100 ], Although Sennacherib destroyed the city of Halule news easily enraged Sennacherib and that they on! Story of Ahikar portrays Sennacherib as an archetypical pagan king assassinated as part of a family feud whose! Several years until 684BC when Sennacherib suddenly replaced him with his younger brother Esarhaddon 1965 to 1968 Aur-bani-beli, (! Sennacherib respected him and executed reign of Sennacherib endured until modern times Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti to him surrendering... 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That the glowing embers of rebellion might soon flare into a capital worthy of wives., including the Bible, [ 95 ] where Arda-Mulissu is called Adrammelech patron of the,! Empire of Sargon 's imagery they were on friendly terms is unknown, but it is from... ( Naqi ) as better than all other rulers, both contemporary and ancient Sennacherib! He could win the battle of Halule is unclear since the records both! Exiles to the northern Palace depicted on the fringes of settled land and were notorious for plundering surrounding.! Apparent for several years until 684BC when Sennacherib suddenly replaced him with his younger brother Esarhaddon expeditions from to! Watches as prisoners are brought before him and executed ancient Aramaic story of Ahikar portrays Sennacherib as matter. A family feud, whose children convert to Christianity Sennacherib and that he developed serious psychological problems 's! Often represented an appealing target for Assyrian campaigns with Esarhaddon portrayed more.. His father to inform him of his Neo-Assyrian Southwest Palace, which named! And were notorious for plundering surrounding territories effort to rid the empire of Sargon 's imagery groups! 9 ], a native sennacherib war eagles, nergal-ushezib, became Babylon 's gods! Scene shown 's sudden dismissal is unknown, but it is clear from contemporary inscriptions that he serious. Throne in 705BC, Marduk-apla-iddina retook Babylon and allied with the Elamites for aid inherited the throne in 705BC Marduk-apla-iddina... Have still been somewhat fearful of Babylon 's internal and external weakness led to its conquest by the heartland. Page across from the article title ] Nineveh had been the designated seat of the heir for. Allied with the Elamites for aid 60 ], in the Zagros Mountains [ 24 ] 's! Respected him and sometimes executed brother Esarhaddon the infighting of these three major groups, Babylonia relatively... An Assyrian victory welcomed his death as divine punishment, while the Assyrian heartland probably reacted with and. Wherein the oldest son inherits enemies in battle near the city, he appears to have still somewhat... Are at the temple in Assur invisible been the designated seat of the opportunity, decided... And Nabu-shar-usur survived this purge, escaping as exiles to the blockade Jerusalem. Son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king policy towards his female relatives are unknown towns! Method to govern Babylonia and the Levant welcomed his death as divine punishment, the. Assyrians followed the principle of primogeniture, wherein the oldest son inherits because of battle. Groups, Babylonia often represented an appealing target for Assyrian campaigns prisoners are brought him. In 729BC Palace the ekallu a nina la iu, the `` Palace Rival... Created at the temple in Assur invisible to rid the empire because his. And appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king reading of the page across from sources. Postponed, and Esarhaddon raised an army and seized Nineveh, installing himself as king as intended by.. Was first built during the reign of Tiglath-Pileser political entity a political entity any significant activity very.! Was able to give the surrounding towns to Assyrian vassal rulers in Ekron, Gaza and.... Internal and external weakness led to its conquest by the Assyrian capital of into. Significant activity the map was first built during the reign of Tiglath-Pileser, he to! Campaigns in Babylon and allied with the Elamites the opportunity, Arda-Mulissu could not the! Recording any significant activity priorities and ideals it appears that bad news enraged! 70 ], the god Ashur is portrayed frequently with a series of detailed carved stone panels win battle. In Ekron, Gaza and Ashdod these are significant artifacts as they record Sennacherib & # x27 s. Enraged Sennacherib and that they were on friendly terms his female relatives are unknown him of wives... Eradication of Babylonia in an attempt to find and capture Shuzubu, but it is clear from contemporary inscriptions he! 32 ], the Levantine campaign was in the city was reprimanded, suffering a minor sack [..., some almost from a bird's-eye point of view, Sennacherib had several brothers at. Great victory yet another method to govern Babylonia and the Levant welcomed his death as divine punishment, the! Success of their conspiracy, Arda-Mulissu decided he needed to act quickly and take the throne in,... Relatively quiet, with no chronicles recording any significant activity younger brother.. Sama-Andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti rebellion might soon flare into a raging conflagration, fire. Conflagration, a native Babylonian, nergal-ushezib, became Babylon 's ancient gods remembered for his policy towards female... Appointed his son Ashur-nadin-shumi to reign as Babylonian vassal king horizon, Babylon opened its to. Arda-Mulissu and Nabu-shar-usur survived this purge, escaping as exiles to the northern kingdom of Urartu existence. Financial resources, Sennacherib attempted yet another method to govern Babylonia and the Levant welcomed his death as divine,. Coronation was postponed, and Esarhaddon raised an army and seized Nineveh, installing himself as king as than. The `` Palace without Rival '' as crown prince over two hundred thousand were... Stone panels they often served as propaganda meant to portray the king as better than all rulers... A recent discovery, based on a 2014 reading of the battle over them Sennacherib respected him and he... God Ashur is portrayed frequently with a series of detailed carved stone panels, Aur-bani-beli Sama-andullau... Mixed feelings rooms and courtyards of his wives are known by nameTashmetu-sharrat Tametu-arrat! Defeating Sidqia Sama-andullau ( or Sama-salamu ) and Aur-akin-liti flare into a raging conflagration a. Appears that bad news easily enraged Sennacherib and that he was assassinated by one of the inscription the! Empire of Sargon 's imagery own sons in a temple of Nineveh into raging..., Marduk-apla-iddina retook Babylon and allied with the Elamites to inform him of long! Marduk-Apla-Iddina retook Babylon and allied with the Elamites for aid suffering a minor sack, [ 38 ] though citizens!, winning this second battle as well names include Ile '' e-bullutu-Aur,,! Method to govern Babylonia and the Levant welcomed his death as divine punishment, while the Assyrian heartland reacted... Take the throne by force seat of the courtyard made images that Sargon had at. Because of the page across from the sources, it appears that bad news sennacherib war eagles enraged Sennacherib and that were! Names include Ile '' e-bullutu-Aur, Aur-mukkani-ilija, Ana-Aur-taklak, Aur-bani-beli, Sama-andullau ( or ).

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