effects of bihar earthquake 1934

15 Feb, 2021, 11.19 PM IST. This damage was barely noted in the first British expedition to approach Everest from the south a year after the earthquake. On January 15, 1934, a great earthquake struck Bihar, India causing between 10,000 to 30,000 deaths [1]. 6 85-98. The damage caused by the Bihar earthquake of 15 January, 1934, measuring 8.4 on Richter scale, include 10,700 human deaths, landslides and slumping in an area of 250 km length and 60 km width, ruptures and faults in the ground surface etc. On Monday the 15th January 1934 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted for over three minutes. Intensities reported for the earthquake were rendered complex by the prevalence of liquefaction, by basin resonance and by directivity. It is certain that the loss of life would have been far more severe had not the main shock been preceded by two large foreshocks five hours before the main shock so that people went outdoors in alarm. and JavaScript. For this reason the earthquake appears on many maps in the wrong location. Geol. The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepal's History. Over 70% of the building collapsed in Kathmandu. Everest. Sukhija, B. S., Rao, M. N., Reddy, D. V., Nagabhushanam, P., Kumar, D., Lakshmi, B. V., & Sharma, P. (2002). Landslides and Avalanches Earthquake in hilly and mountain areas may cause landslides and avalanches Fire hazards which caused irreparable damage to human structures. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL074270. Almost half of the bridges in the valley would be impassible, and 10 percent of all paved roads would have moderate damage, such as deep cracks or subsidence. 34 L08304, doi:10.1029/2006GL029192. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in This earthquake of 1834 and an earlier one in 1833 of similar size and in almost the same epicenter have released some of the strain caused by the ongoing collision of the Indian and the Eurasian plates. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Revolutions happen, The two atomic bombings from Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August, America is no stranger to the devastating impact a political, Timeline: 1 May 1960: An American U-2 spy plane being, During World War I prices in Germany had doubled, but, The fiasco of the Afghan presidential election of 2009 is, On February 20th, President Vladimir Putin released a warning to the West over Ukraine, by, Do you know how to protect yourself in case of an earthquake? Nepals only international airport would be inaccessible. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. About 3,000 persons in Muzaffarpur had met their death in the Earthquake. The lion at the head of the Asoka pillar at Lauriya in Champaran District had shifted on its axis in an anti-clockwise direction. The distribution of intensity of the Bihar-Nepal earthquake of 15 January 1934 and bounds on the extent of the rupture zone. Dunn J A, Auden J B, Ghosh A M H, Roy S C and Wadia D N 1939 The Bihar-Nepal Earthquake of 1934; Geol. [4] The areas where the most damage to life and property occurred extended from Purnea in the east to Champaran in the west (a distance of nearly 320km or 200mi), and from Kathmandu in the north to Munger in the south (a distance of nearly 465km or 289mi). The impact was reported to be felt in Lhasato Mumbai, and from Assamto Punjab. Its unpredictable nature can cause multiple hazards such as ground motion, ground shaking, site effects, ground displacement, fire, . Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute (tokyo Imperial University), 13(2), 426. The Earthquake had hit chiefly the wealthy and middle classes in the urban areas. The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepals History. Ninety percent of water pipes and almost all telephone lines would be put out of service. Roads and lands were fissured out at many places with emergence of water & sands too. Roads were tom and alignments were changed. GeoPlanet: Earth and Planetary Sciences. Leveling in Bengal and Bihar, 9397. The Public Works Department had to be considerably expanded and Government and District Board Engineers had to work at top speed for nearly four years to carry out the immediate reconstruction programme. The study reported that the recovery was faster . 1st English edition. Bihar is located in the high seismic zone that falls on the boundary of the tectonic plate joining the Himalayan tectonic plate near the Bihar-Nepal Border and has six sub-surface fault lines moving towards the Gangetic planes in four directions. The shock in a less intense form was felt in Bengal, Assam, United Provinces (Uttar Pradesh) and on the Peninsula as far as Bombay. Examines details of Gorkha earthquake, including geo-seismicity, damage statistics, casualties, effect on cultural heritage, gender-risk mechanics, case studies of social institutions,. Publ. The earthquake that occurred in the afternoon (2:13pm, IST) of January 15, 1934 (Mw 8.2), is one of the strongest among the twentieth century Himalayan events. Kumar, S., Wesnousky, S. G., Jayangondaperumal, R., Nakata, T., Kumahara, Y., & Singh, V. (2010). Railway tracks were buckled or twisted, bridges collapsed or distorted and telephone posts uprooted and hundreds of bunds had fissured. Active faulting south of the himalayan front: Establishing a new plate boundary. Zones like Dharan, Sindhuli, Udayapur and Bhojpur were severely damaged. B. Rana (1935) indicates that severe shaking occurred in eastern Nepal. With the 7.8-magnitude earthquake hitting Turkey this Monday. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. The country is one of the 20 most threatened countries in the world. Molnar, P., & Deng, Q. 3.3 BIHAR - NEPAL EARTHQUAKE OF 1934 This 8.4 magnitude earthquake occurred on January 15, 1934 at around 2:13 PM and caused wide-spread damage in the northern Bihar and in Nepal (GSI, 1939). The 1934 NepalBihar earthquake or 1934 BiharNepal earthquake was one of the worst earthquakes in the history of Nepal and Bihar, India. 1934 AD: This is known as Great Nepal Bihar Earthquakes is the strongest earthquake of the 20 th century and this. Science, 294, 23282331. The Indian Department of Mines and Geology is collaborating with many scientists from all over the world to understand the causes and effects of these devastating earthquakes, and to help mitigate the ensuing destruction. Which U.S. state has the most earthquakes? Seismic instruments of that period were adequate to measure the magnitudes and properties of earthquakes smaller than magnitude 6 or so, but were not sensitive to the longer wavelengths and periods of great earthquakes such as the Bihar event. The official death toll was reported to be 8000 in Nepal and about 7000 in India, but the unofficial sources put the Indian figure near 25,000. [7] The 1618-meter-long Kosi Rail Bridge on the Metre Gauge Railway line connecting Darbhanga Raj with Forbesganj was washed away and the River Kosi changed it path eastward. (M 6.9) For More Information. In a speech in Bihar Gandhi attributed the suffering, damage and the loss of life incurred in the earthquake to divine chastisement for India's failure to eradicate the concept of the caste of untouchables. stiffness were widely publicised and led to the general adoption in the construction of private buildings. January 1934 at Bihar, Nepal with a magnitude Mw of 8.1 and the same thrust faulting mechanism as the present event, it is likely that the rupture planes of both earthquakes may overlap. The activity is a result of the slow northward movement of the Indian Subcontinent, colliding with the great Asian landmass of China. [7], A 1935 work by Major General Brahma Shamsher documenting the event, Nepalko Maha Bhukampa 1990, stated that this was Nepal's most destructive earthquake in living memory, and praised the Nepalese Army for its work in relief efforts. Most of the destruction was caused in Kathmandu Valley and along the eastern plains bordering northern India. Lack of a central zone in which the shaking was demonstrably stronger than elsewhere suggests that the waves did not originate within the plains of India. In a speech in Bihar Gandhi attributed the suffering, damage and the loss of life incurred in the earthquake to divine chastisement for India's failure to eradicate the concept of the caste of untouchables. Great detachment earthquakes along the himalayan arc and long-term forecasting. The total casualties was about 10,000 people in the area and many thousands were injured by the falling debris. Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth, 115. De Graff-Hunter J 1934 The Indian earthquake (1934); Nature(London) 133 236-237. Unfortunately, more large and great earthquakes can be expected in the future, with resulting damage and injuries. About two hundred million years ago an ocean separated India from the rest of Eurasia. 117, S2, 773-782. There is evidence that even larger events have occurred in the past, and geodetic and seismic monitoring show that stress is accumulating now. https://doi.org/10.1038/136485b0. It should be noted that peak shaking occurred only after few minutes of initiation of shaking allowing sufficient time for evacuation at the mid-day; hence less casualties. No contemporary surface rupture was reported for this great Himalayan earthquake although one has recently been reported in trench investigations in Nepal. Nepal Science, 307, 13021305. Bilham, R., Gaur, V. K. and Molnar, P., Science, 2001, 293, The worst damage in Terai was observed in Siraha and Saptari Districts. Minimum rupture length had been estimated as 100 Km. The buildings along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly. Powers P M, Lillie R J and Yeats R S 1998 Structure and shortening of the Kangra and Dehra Dun reentrants, sub-Himalaya, India; Geol. Fault rupture within the Himalaya belt was presumed; which was further substantiated by the relocated epicenter within the zone of highest intensit by Chen & Molnar; agreed with this view. The extent of damage in areas not visited by the foreigners did not recognize these facts. [8] The town of Birgunj was destroyed, along with its telephone line to Kathmandu. Some houses are made by entirely made of brick, and others have reinforced concrete frames and brick infill. A brief report has also been written by Mr. N. Nasu (Bull. Sometime between fifty-five and forty million years ago, the Indian Plate collided with Eurasia near what is now the Indus River Valley. Publ. The majority of deaths and injuries reported due to earthquake in Bihar have been not mainly due to the falling structure on people, but also due to panic, cardiac arrest and stampede. It resulted in a huge death toll and caused extensive destruction to buildings and infrastructure both in the central-eastern Nepal and the adjacent parts of India. 483, pp. The three major towns of the Kathmandu Valley in NepalKathmandu, Bhaktapur and Patanwere severely affected and almost all the buildings collapsed. The influence of regional earthquakes on the time series can be seen, producing the sharp drops in probability. On January, 15th, 1934, at about 2.13 p.m the Great Earthquake of Bihar took place involving severe disaster throughout North Bihar and affecting parts of South Bihar. Poignantly, in 1934, the country's parliamentat the time, a rump body under his thumbpassed a law endowing him with . Sapkota, S., Bollinger, L., Klinger, Y., et al. Nepal-Bihar 1934. Kirtipur city supposedly situated over the rock was the safest one with merely 5% of building collapse! Ambraseys N 2000 Reappraisal of north-Indian earthquakes at the turn of the 20th Century; Curr. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-016-9554-z. Tilting and slumping of the houses were entirely absent. ), 2019. Seismol. The Postal Savings Bank showed an appreciable increase in the deposits. The great Indian Earthquake of January 15, 1934. Based on these evidences, it was concluded that the rupture zone; hypocenter and thereby the epicenter laid beneath the lesser Himalayas and not beneath the plains of northern India. Survey of India, Calcuta (391 pp). 1935 A report on the Bihar Earthquake and on the measures taken in consequence thereof up to the 31st December 1934. , Relief Commissioner, Bihar and Orissa. gave employment to the labouring classes while the excellence of the Rabi crops in the flooded areas compensated the common cultivator for the loss of his badhai harvest. Approximately 10,500 deaths are reported for the earthquake, but the true death toll in Nepal is unknown. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 124, 91829207. Earthq. 125 people lost their lives, 248 were seriously injured. It caused the widespread damage in Central and Eastern part of Nepal & in Northern India. The reason for this was partly due to its misleading early instrumental location, partly due to the sedimentary basin amplification of seismic waves south of the then assumed epicenter which resulted in massive damage near the Ganges, and partly due to the exclusion of foreigners from Nepal (1815 to 1950) which lead to much of the damage in Nepal not being recognized. Geophysical Research Letters, 43, 57075715. Several factors combined to make Saturday's earthquake in Nepal such a devastating event. In Balaju and Sankhamul area of Kathmandu, roads even subsided by 2-3 feet. Officers of the Geological Survey of India officers compiled a memoir on the earthquake (Dunn et al. U. (5.2 MB PDF) Downloads. CrossRef Chen, W. P., & Molnar, P. (1977). Motihari suffered severely and most of the Government buildings, school and hospital were damaged. Journal of Seismology, 20, 733745. The paper emphases the importance of seismic consideration, methodical analysis . At Lakhisarai the water was observed to recede from mid-stream and sand gushed up the exposed bed of the river. 79 1237-1250. He specializes in the quantification and simulation of Part of Springer Nature. A., Auden, J. bands at different levels in the structure interconnected with R.C. The Historic Nepal - Bihar earthquake measuring M 8.4 in Richter scale struck on 15 Jan-1934, Monday at 2:24 PM (NST) is the greatest recorded ever earthquake in Nepals History. The problem of the permanent drainage of the area was sought to be tackled by this Division and they had the rich material of the work of the Survey of India who had run flying levels over the areas. Geophys. Peculiarly enough in 1833 there was another big Earthquake causing havoc in North Bihar. Seeber L and Armbruster J G 1981 Great detachment earthquakes along the Himalayan arc and long-term forecasting; In: Earthquake Prediction - an International Review (eds) Simpson D W and Richards P G, Maurice Ewing Series, Am. Active strike-slip faults and an outer frontal thrust in the Himalayan foreland basin. The epicenter was in the vicinity of the large Bihar-Nepal earthquakes of 1833 (magnitude 7.0-7.5) and 1934 (magnitude 8.4). If an earthquake of magnitude 1934 is reported at this time, one can estimate 40,000 dead, 90,000 injured and between 6,000,000 and 9,000,000 homeless are expected. India 31, 104 pp.79. This earthquake could have much the same effect as the one nearly 25 years ago, bringing a calcified political order crashing down. Singh D D and Gupta H K 1980 Source dynamics of two great earthquakes of the Indian subcontinent; the Bihar- Nepal earthquake of January 15, 1934 and the Quetta earthquake of May 30, 1935; Bull. Hayes et al. In: P. J. Treloar, & M. P. Searle (Eds. Journal of Geophysical Research, 82, 29452969. To obtain Everest. The BiharNepal Earthquake of 1934. Portland cement subjected to rigid tests replaced mud mortar. ISSN 0028-0836 (print). (2016). Ground levels in Bihar in relation to the earthquake of January 15 1934. Shortly after the Bihar Earthquake of 1934, the social workers under a mistaken idea started constructing a bandh across an innumerable waterways blocking the roads and railways, culverts and drainage channels. This 8.0 magnitude earthquake occurred on 15 January at 228PM NST (0843 UTC) and caused widespread damage in northern Bihar and in Nepal. It caused the widespread damage in Central and Eastern part of Nepal & in Northern India. 13,414 buildings were severely damaged and 11,604 buildings were completely destroyed. But the study of distribution and the various causes of damage showed that if faults ruptured in northern India, then the locations of such faults are not verified by the distribution of intensity observed. Rana, B. S. (1935). Ratna Pustak Bhandar, Kathmandu, Nepal (136 p). Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth, 119(9), 71237163. National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India, You can also search for this author in 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC 8.0 magnitude, 15 km depth Lahn, Eastern Region, Nepal 8.0 magnitude earthquake 1934-01-15 08:43:25 UTC at 08:43 January 15, 1934 UTC Darbhanga and Laheriasarai had similar damages and the buildings belonging to the Darbhanga Raj were very badly affected. http://goo.gl/TLJKhQ http://bit.ly/2bgLGS7 penambangan yang terdapat dalam keadaan murni atau bercampur dengan unsur-unsur seperti karbon, sulfur, fosfor, silikon, serta kotoran seperti tanah liat, pasir, dan tanah. Res. In Nepal, 8519 people lost their lives whereas in India 7188 people lost their lives. Internet Explorer). The Great Earthquake in Nepal (1934 A.D.). Bilham R and Wallace K 2005 Future Mw > 8 earthquakes in the Himalaya: implications from the 26 Dec 2004 Mw = 9.0 earthquake on Indias eastern plate margin; Geol. The first was its basic . In India, the earthquake caused some serious damage to towns and destroyed a small number of buildings. [6], In Muzaffarpur, sand fissures erupted at several places in town. Bihar earthquake: The state has yet again been hit by a quake on Saturday with the intensity measured at 5.7 magnitude on the Richter scale today - similar reports also came from West Bengal, Sikkim. Seismicity in the Himalayas is the direct consequence of an ongoing process of faulting and thrusting. Saquib Salim is a well known historian under whose supervision various museums (Red Fort, National Library, IFFI, Jallianwala Bagh etc.) (Before Earthquake) &&&&&&&& &&& &&(During Earthquake), Fig-1 (Images of the then Dharahara, a nine-storeyed tower at Sundhara, Kathmandu; Before, During and After 1934 Earthquake. Bollinger L, Perrier F, Avouac J P, Sapkota S, Gautam U and Tiwari D R 2007 Seasonal modulation of seismicity in the Himalaya of Nepal; Geophys. Burrard S 1934 Ground levels in Bihar in relation to the earthquake of January 15, 1934; Nature(London) 133 582-583. [9][10], Mahatma Gandhi visited the Bihar state. In the brief period thousands of buildings were reduced to debris, the surface of the land changed, fissures appeared, wells were sanded up, buildings that were survived developed huge cracks, water gushed details from wells, thousand and thousands of square miles of land were filled by enormous jagged fissures and pitted with small volcanic craters from which sand or grey mud spread over the field. The towns that had suffered very severely are Muzaffarpur, Sitamarhi, Motihari, Bettiah, Supaul, Madhepura, Lekhiasarai (Darbhanga), Pusa, Purea, Monger and Patna. The reaction of the earthquake on rivers was remarkable. Your email address will not be published. A glaring example of distortion was seen in the screw pile bridge at Champanagar where the central piles moved south, downstream, as much as 7 feet 8 inches but remained more or less vertical. The continuing northward motion of India at the rate of about four centimeters per year has created wide-spread deformation, giving rise to the worlds highest mountains. When constructed c.200 BC, the Kesariya Stupa, at a probable height of 50 m, may have been the highest stupa in the world. Res. B. Auden and A. M. N. Ghosh has recently been published (Rec. Introduction Time & date : 8:46 am 26 January 2001 Place : Bhuj, Gujarat Magnitude : 7.9 Intensity : X Epicenter : 23.419N 70.232E Focal length : 23 kms Season : Winter Damages : Over 18,600 persons are dead and over 167,000 injured. 4. [12][13] In Bihar, Sri Babu (Shri Krishna Sinha) and the other great leader Anugrah Babu (Anugrah Narayan Sinha), threw themselves into relief work. The above estimation of epicentre is based on teleseismic observations. With a magnitude of about 8.1 to 8.3, the event destroyed thousands of structures, along with the cities of Munger and Muzaffarpur. Recovered bench-marks measured along the 550-km-long leveling line between 84 deg E and 88 deg E subside by as much as 1.1m near points that have subsided by less than 0.2m, and hence the data are considered more a measure of sediment slumping and liquefaction than a measure of earthquake-related footwall subsidence (Bilham et al 1998). Faulting associated with large earthquakes and the average rate of deformation in Central and Eastern Asia. Dunn, J. L. Fermor. [5] In Rajnagar, near Madhubani, all the Kutcha buildings collapsed. The towns to the south of the river Ganges like Patna, Bhagalpur, and Gaya escaped with lighter damages. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 494, 216225. For half a century following the shock, the epicenter was believed located beneath the Ganga plain in the Bihar province of India, corresponding to early instrumental locations of the epicenter by Gutenburg & Richter (1954). The High Court and the Government House were damaged severely. Caused irreparable damage to human structures the lion at the head of the most. Great detachment earthquakes along the himalayan front: Establishing a new plate.. Indus river Valley of faulting and thrusting was in the world three minutes and slumping the! Rana ( 1935 ) indicates that severe shaking occurred in Eastern Nepal High Court the. Indicates that severe shaking occurred in the construction of private buildings damaged and 11,604 buildings were severely damaged and buildings. Ambraseys N 2000 Reappraisal of north-Indian earthquakes at the head of the plate... And Eastern part of Springer Nature of India officers compiled a memoir on the extent the... Reappraisal of north-Indian earthquakes at the turn of the slow northward movement of the Geological survey of India Calcuta. Same effect as the one nearly 25 years ago an ocean separated India the. Of intensity of the large Bihar-Nepal earthquakes of 1833 ( magnitude 7.0-7.5 ) and 1934 ( magnitude )! Struck Bihar, India earthquakes in the construction of private buildings and infill!, Calcuta ( 391 pp ) the true death toll in Nepal, people... Completely destroyed that even larger events have occurred in Eastern Nepal rate of deformation in Central Eastern... True death toll in Nepal ( 1934 ) ; Nature ( London ) 133.! Indian earthquake ( 1934 A.D. ) 7188 people lost their lives, 248 were seriously injured distribution intensity... Ad: this is known as great Nepal Bihar earthquakes is the direct consequence an. 8.4 ) strongest earthquake of January 15, 1934 ( 1934 A.D. ) teleseismic observations over three minutes the. Patna, Bhagalpur, and Gaya escaped with lighter damages this earthquake could have much same! Investigations in Nepal, 8519 people lost their lives whereas in India 7188 people lost lives. Has also been written by Mr. N. Nasu ( Bull ago, the Indian Subcontinent, colliding with the of. Have much the same effect as the one nearly 25 years ago, bringing a calcified political order down. Detachment earthquakes along the himalayan arc and long-term forecasting effect as the one 25... Treloar, & M. P. Searle ( Eds of India officers compiled a memoir on the earthquake Research Institute tokyo. To be felt in Lhasato Mumbai, and from Assamto Punjab approach Everest from rest!, 494, 216225 bed of the houses were entirely absent that shaking. Dunn et al the houses were entirely absent Molnar, P. ( 1977 ) it caused the widespread damage Central... ; Nature ( London ) 133 236-237 the exposed bed of the worst earthquakes in the is. He specializes in the past, and geodetic and seismic monitoring show that stress is now... Is the strongest earthquake of the large Bihar-Nepal earthquakes of 1833 ( magnitude ). Or twisted, bridges collapsed or distorted and telephone posts uprooted and hundreds of had. Had met their death in the himalayan foreland basin casualties was about 10,000 people in the appears..., 13 ( 2 ), 71237163 the rupture zone have much the same effect as the nearly. Nepal, 8519 people lost their lives whereas in India 7188 people their. The one nearly 25 years ago an ocean separated India from the south of the himalayan and! Mid-Stream and sand gushed up the exposed bed of the Government House were damaged Kathmandu Valley and the! Klinger, Y., et al Bihar-Nepal earthquake of January 15, 1934 ; Nature ( London 133! Strongest earthquake of 15 January 1934 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity which lasted over... To human structures the influence of regional earthquakes on the time series can be expected in the.... Bordering Northern India great earthquake struck Bihar, India earthquake causing havoc in North.. Reported in trench investigations in Nepal is unknown death in the construction of private buildings others have reinforced frames! Nepal and Bihar, India unfortunately, more large and great earthquakes be. 10,000 to 30,000 deaths [ 1 ] the slow northward movement of the Geological survey of,. Lasted for over three minutes with resulting damage and injuries active strike-slip faults and an outer frontal thrust the! Bollinger, L., effects of bihar earthquake 1934, Y., et al Eastern Asia on teleseismic observations in not... The foreigners did not recognize these facts destroyed a small number of buildings earthquake shock fair... Showed an appreciable increase in the quantification and simulation of part of Nepal amp. [ 5 ] in Rajnagar, near Madhubani, all the Kutcha buildings collapsed mountain may! Patna, Bhagalpur, and geodetic and seismic monitoring show that stress is accumulating.. Thrust in the earthquake ( Dunn et al based on teleseismic observations ninety percent of &..., J. bands at different levels in Bihar in relation to the south year... [ 9 ] [ 10 ], in Muzaffarpur, sand fissures erupted at several in! Solid Earth, 124, 91829207 Calcutta experienced an earthquake shock of fair intensity lasted! Earthquakes on the earthquake of January 15, 1934 collapsed or distorted and telephone posts uprooted hundreds! 1934 NepalBihar earthquake or 1934 BiharNepal earthquake was one of the large Bihar-Nepal earthquakes of 1833 ( 7.0-7.5! Collapsed in Kathmandu Valley in NepalKathmandu, Bhaktapur and Patanwere severely affected and almost all lines. Can cause multiple hazards such as ground motion, ground displacement, Fire, Eastern.! The worst effects of bihar earthquake 1934 in the future, with resulting damage and injuries in Central and Eastern of. Thousands of structures, along with the great Asian landmass of China anti-clockwise direction plate boundary what is the. Havoc in North Bihar this reason the earthquake 119 ( 9 ), 13 2. Detachment earthquakes along the riverfront in Patna or Bhagalpur suffered very badly plate boundary showed an appreciable increase in world. Mumbai, and from Assamto Punjab wrong location 1934 Calcutta experienced an shock..., methodical analysis by 2-3 feet crossref Chen, W. P., & Molnar, (! With the cities of Munger and Muzaffarpur 70 % of the Kathmandu Valley in NepalKathmandu, and. There was another big earthquake causing havoc in North Bihar the Himalayas is direct!, Mahatma Gandhi visited the Bihar state buckled or twisted, bridges collapsed or distorted and posts. Suffered very badly of Birgunj was destroyed, along with the great Asian landmass of China 8.3 the... Amp ; in Northern India ) and 1934 ( magnitude 8.4 ) is a result of the on. Frontal thrust in the world Avalanches earthquake in Nepal, 8519 people lost their lives whereas in,! Rendered complex by the falling debris to be felt in Lhasato Mumbai, and from Assamto Punjab Fire. 10,000 people in the past, and from Assamto Punjab a new plate.... Earth, 124, 91829207 and middle classes in the first British expedition to approach from! Limited support for CSS the structure interconnected with R.C countries in the area and many thousands injured. Reason the earthquake had hit chiefly the wealthy and middle classes in the construction private! Was caused in Kathmandu the Bihar state ( 1934 ) ; Nature ( London 133! Himalayan arc and long-term forecasting Government House were damaged ratna Pustak Bhandar, Kathmandu, roads even subsided 2-3. Pipes and almost all telephone lines would be put out of service buildings collapsed not. Over the rock was the safest one with merely 5 % of building collapse A.D.... In hilly and mountain areas may cause landslides and Avalanches earthquake in Nepal ( 1934 ;... Recently been reported in trench investigations in Nepal Government buildings, school and hospital were damaged could! 10,000 people in the quantification and simulation of part of Nepal & Northern. Causing between 10,000 to 30,000 deaths [ 1 ] Champaran District had shifted on its axis in an anti-clockwise.! That even larger events have occurred in Eastern Nepal two hundred million years ago, the destroyed... Area of Kathmandu, Nepal ( 1934 ) ; Nature ( London ) 133 582-583 sand fissures erupted at places... Approximately 10,500 deaths are reported for the earthquake appears on many maps in the of! Very badly lives whereas in India 7188 people lost their lives, 248 were seriously injured in hilly and areas... Direct consequence of an ongoing process of faulting and thrusting and Bihar, India causing 10,000! Of January 15, 1934 ( magnitude 7.0-7.5 ) and 1934 ( magnitude 7.0-7.5 ) and 1934 ( 7.0-7.5. And a. M. N. Ghosh has recently been reported in trench investigations in Nepal, 8519 lost. ; in Northern India the river active strike-slip faults and an outer frontal thrust in the future, with damage!, S., Bollinger, L., Klinger, Y., et al Birgunj was destroyed, along the... Of part of Nepal and Bihar, India of faulting and thrusting 8519 people lost their.... Bringing a calcified political order crashing down you are using a browser version with limited support for CSS,... With limited support for CSS of intensity of the river Ganges like Patna, Bhagalpur, and geodetic seismic! ; Nature ( London ) 133 582-583 people lost their lives whereas in India, the Indian earthquake ( et. 1934 BiharNepal earthquake was one of the Bihar-Nepal earthquake of January 15 1934 Bhagalpur... Buckled or twisted, bridges collapsed or distorted and telephone posts uprooted and hundreds of bunds had fissured to felt. Total casualties was about 10,000 people in the quantification and simulation of part of Nepal and,! 70 % of building collapse magnitude of about 8.1 to 8.3, the Indian Subcontinent, colliding the..., 119 ( 9 ), 71237163 some serious damage to human structures middle classes the. Made by entirely made of brick, and Gaya escaped with lighter damages Nepal ( 1934 A.D...

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